碳含量对高钒高速钢冲击磨损性能的影响

Effects of Carbon Content on Impact Wear Performance of High Vanadium High-speed Steel

在含钒量约为10％的条件下，利用自行研制的WM-1型冲击磨损试验机研究碳含量在1．76％～3．65％范围内变化对高钒高速钢冲击磨损性能的影响。结果表明：含碳量低于2．3％，高钒高速钢的基体为铁素体，磨损机理主要是冲刷和塑性变形，耐磨性很差。含碳量达到2．3％后，基体以马氏体为主，耐磨性比低碳的高钒高速钢大幅提高。当碳含量达到3．0％时，耐磨性达到峰值。继续提高碳含量，晶界处以铬钼为主碳化物的量增加，冲击过程中裂纹在该处萌生，产生剥落现象，造成耐磨性下降。

Effect of carbon content, ranging from 1.76 % to 3.65 %, on the impact wear performance of high vanadium＇high - speed steel was studied using self- designing impact wear tester WM - 1. The results show that when the carbon amount is lower than 2.3 %, the matrix is ferrite, so the wear resistance of the high vanadium high - speed steel is very bad and the main wear mechanism is scouring and plastic deformation. After the carbon content reached 2.3 %, the matrix is martensite primarily and the impact wear resistance performance enhanced largely compared with the low- carbon high vanadium high - speed steel. When the carbon content achieved 3.0 %, the wear resistance achieves peak value. With the increase of carbon content above 3.0%, the quantity of primarily chromium and molybdenum carbide increased while the wear resistant decreased because the crack sprout in grain boundary at where the carbides formed and the flaking is the main wear mechanism in the impact process.