马克思对黑格尔官僚政治的批判

Marx' Criticism against Hegel's Bureaucratic Politics

黑格尔认为,国家用自治机关和官僚机构来调节市民社会间的各种矛盾,官僚政治的基础就是“国家”与“市民社会”、“特殊利益”与“普遍利益”之间的分离。马克思揭露了现代国家官僚结构的实质,即国家的形式主义及其虚假性特点,同时,驳斥了黑格尔声称的官僚是公正无私的,因此是一个“普遍的”阶级的观点,从而得出了官僚机构的特点是形式主义、等级制度、神秘性、自身终结和国家终结的一致性的结论。

Marx revealed the nature of bureaucratic organization in the modern state, that is, formalism and fictitious in character. Meanwhile, Marx criticized Hegel＇s claim that bureaucracy is honest and therefore represented the view of the general class. It was based on this analysis that Marx concluded that characteristics of the bureaucratic organization are formalism, hierarchical power system, mysterious, and combination of being self-ended and state-ended.