物流技术的创新、选择和演进

Innovation,Choice and Evolution of Logistic Technology

本文认为,物流技术创新涉及经营管理和工具、装备、设施等领域,包括运输、储存、装卸、搬运、包装、配送、流通加工、信息等。一种新物流技术能否被社会选择,需求和相对要素价格变化是重要的影响因素。文章提出,物流技术与装备的发展趋势是先进性、信息化、多样性与专业性、标准化与模块化、系统性与可扩展性、智能性与人性化、绿色化与节能化。具体来说,物流技术会与信息技术紧密结合,实现高度自动化;运输技术会朝着高速化、重载化、节能化和更安全的方向演进,如重载列车、超级生态船、超高速飞机等;装卸搬运技术将向更加节省人力、更加智能、更有效率的方向发展,如激光导引自动车、搬运机器人等;仓储技术将向更加节约土地、节约空间、更加高效率的方向发展,如自动化立体仓库、驶入式激光导引高密度储存系统等。

The author points out that technology innovation of logistics involves the fields of operation, management, tools, and equipment. It includes transportation, storage, load and unload, portage, package, distribution, processing and information. Whether a new logistic technology will be selected by the society will be determined by the changes of requirement and comparative factor prices. The development trend of logistic technology and equipment is to be advanced, informationized, diversified and specialized, standardized and modularized, and so on. The logistic technology and IT should be integrated to realize high level automatization and the storage technology should be developed on the road to be more efficient.