航天诱变育种甜椒品系的红外光谱分析

An Analysis of Sweet Pepper Seeds with Space Flight Mutagenesis by FTIR

首次采用傅里叶变换红外光谱法（FTIR）对航天诱变育种甜椒品系种子和一般大田生产的甜椒品种种子进行了对比研究，比较了它们红外光谱的异同。甜椒种子的红外光谱主要由蛋白质的吸收带和碳水化合物的吸收带组成。航天育种的两个甜椒品系种子（SP11和SP18）红外光谱的主要吸收峰的峰位、峰形与普通甜椒品系种子相同，表明经航天诱变的甜椒其主要化学成分和基本结构并未发生变化。太空甜椒种子，在2854，1652，1542以及1160～1062cm^-1范围内的吸收都较普通甜椒种子增加。2855cm^-1峰是CH2—伸缩振动，1652cm^-1处的吸收峰为酰胺Ⅰ带，是C—O的伸缩振动峰，1542cm^-1的吸收峰是酰胺Ⅱ带，是N—H的弯曲振动和C—N的伸缩振动，1160cm^-1处的峰可能为碳水化合物的C—O的伸缩振动引起。表明航天诱变使甜椒种子的蛋白质和碳水化合物含量增加。

The first-time application of FTIR to analyzing and comparing two sweet pepper seeds lines of space mutation and two sweet pepper seeds lines bred in system approaches as well as their spectra is presented. The IR spectrum of sweet pepper seeds lines is mainly composed of the band of adsorption of protein and that of carbohydrates. The absorbance of the two sweet pepper seeds lines of space mutation at 2 854, 1 652, 1 542 and 1 160-1 062 cm^-1 was enhanced. The peak near 2 854 cm^-1 is attributable to the stretching vibration of CH2—, The dominating bands near 1 652 and 1 542 cm^-1 were assigned to amide Ⅰ and amide Ⅱ respectively. The absorbance at 1 160 cm^-1 is attributable to the stretching vibration of C—O on the structure of carbohydrates. The major components and the structures remained intact, indicating that the space environment can increase carbohydrates and protein content of sweet pepper seeds lines.