汽车侧翻和滚翻事故建模研究

A Research on the Modeling for Vehicle Rollover and Turnover Accident

分析汽车在侧翻和滚翻过程中的受力状态和轮胎或车身与路面的相互作用方式,建立汽车侧翻和滚翻的运动学和动力学模型,揭示汽车临界侧翻碰撞力与持续作用时间等参数的关系,推导侧翻车辆侧向速度的范围,确定滚筒模型中关键参数的选取方法。事故案例表明模型在实际应用中效果良好、定量准确、直观性强。

The force action and the interaction between pavement and tire or vehicle body in the course of vehicle rollover and turnover are analyzed and the kinematics and dynamics models for vehicle rollover and turnover are set up. The relationships between critical impact force for rollover and other parameters like the duration of force action are disclosed and the range of critical lateral speed is derived. The method of selecting key parameters in roller model, such as roll radius, moment of inertia and effective friction coefficient, is defined. The application to real accident cases shows that the model is effective, accurate and intuitive, and can also be applied to the theoretical computing in vehicle safety and dynamics design.