侵权行为的一般条款研究

Research on Common clause of Tortious Conduct

从理论上界定侵权行为并在立法上将其一般条款化,关系到侵权法乃至整个民法典的立法体系问题。传统理论将侵权行为与侵权责任相混淆,从构成要件上界定和表述侵权行为,存在诸多理论问题和实务弊端。在侵权行为日益增多、维权意识逐步增强的现代社会,必须将侵权行为与侵权责任相区分,真正从行为意义上界定侵权行为;只有针对不同的侵权行为,赋予权利人不同的请求权,并对侵权行为规定不同的法律后果,才能从根本上实现对民事权利的全面保护和救济。

To define the tortious conduct in theory and prescribe it in legislation is a problem related to torts law and the entire legislation system of civil law. In traditional theory, the concepts of tortious conduct and tortious liability are confused. Defining and explain tortious conduct in terms of its necessary constitutive requisites causes many problems in theory and realistic practice. With the increase of act of torts and the vindicating right consciousness in modern world, the concept of tortious conduct and tortious liability must be differentiated. Tortious conduct should be defined from action meaning in deed. Only when the law entitles the obligee suitable right of claim and prescribe different legal consequences according to the nature of different acts of tort, can the civil right be entirely protected and relieved ultimately.