巴赫金的马克思主义语言观

Bakhtin's Marxist Linguistic Thoughts

一般认为,在哲学思想来源上,马克思主义对于苏联著名的思想家、文艺批评家、语言学家和哲学家巴赫金的影响并不十分明显,他的《马克思主义和语言哲学》这本书用马克思主义充当标题,仅是因为当时苏联的政治环境使然。其实不然,巴赫金在论述语言问题时,尤其是在对以往的研究进行哲学上的梳理与批判时,成功地运用了马克思主义的唯物论、实践论以及辩证法,深刻揭示了话语主体之间的对话性辩证关系。在某种意义上应该认为这是对马克思主义的一种发展。

It is generally believed that as a philosophical source, Marxism does not exercise obvious influenee on Bahktin, the famous former Soviet thinker, literary critic, linguist and philosopher, whose Marxism and the Philosophy of Language is so entitled but by the political environment at that time. On the contrary, Bakhtin, while discussing linguistic issues, especially making a critical summary of the previous philosophical studies on language, successfully employs Marxist materialism, theory of practice and dialectics to reveal the dialectical dialogic relationship between subjects in discourse, which to some extent is to be recognized as a development of Marxism.