在辐射与物质相互作用问题中构建规范不变跃迁几率的统一形式(英文)

The Unified Form of Constructing Gauge Independent Transition Probabilities for Interaction of Radiation with Matter

本文指出有两种方法构建规范不变跃迁几率,一种对应于量子力学中规范不变性的主动观点,另一种则对应于被动观点。两种观点可藉么正变换得以互换。从主动观点看来,一切已知的构建规范不变跃迁几率的方法,都可归结为选择一种和规范有关的么正算符,此算符将非真实的物理量H。变换成真实的物理量,H。是在辐射与物质相互作用的传统表达中用到的无微扰哈密顿量。各种不同的方法对应各种不同的么正算符。

It is pointed ont that there are two kinds of methods, to construct gauge inde-pendent transition probabilities (GITP), one kind corresponds to active view of gauge invariance in quantum mechanics, another kind corresponds to the passive view. Two kinds of view are interchangeable by means of unitary transformation. From the active view, all known methods of constructing GITP consist in choosing a gauge dependent unitary operator which transforms the non-physical quantity H0 into a true physical quantity to be measured, where H0 is the unperturbed Hamiltonian in the conventional formulation for interaction of radiation with matter.