兰州地区婴幼儿轮状病毒腹泻的分子流行病学研究

Molecular epidemiology of rotavirus among infants and young children with acute diarrhea in Lanzhou

目的通过分子流行病学调查研究兰州地区婴幼儿轮状病毒（RV）腹泻的分型特点。方法采用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）和逆转录-聚合酶链反应（RT—PCR），对2003年7月～2004年6月兰州地区收集的624例婴幼儿腹泻粪便标本中的271份进行轮状病毒病原检测。并对阳性标本进行分型。结果ELISA法RV阳性率为56．46％（153／271），阳性率与性别无关。不同年龄段的感染率以6～11个月和12-23个月年龄段最高，分别为57．38％、63．33％，但各年龄段间无显著差异。不同月份的感染率具有显著性差异，发病高峰在10、11月份，分别为86．27％和73．81％。在ELISA阳性标本中RT—PCR法检出G394例（61．44％），G24例（2．61％），G93例（1．96％），未发现G1、G4型和混合感染。52例（33．99％）未能分型。G分型阳性标本中检出P[8]型28例（40．58％）。其他未能分型。结论轮状病毒是兰州地区婴幼儿非细菌性腹泻的主要病原，其流行的主要血清型为G3型。

Objective To investigate the hypotype characteristic of rotavirus through molecular epidemiology among infants and young children with acute diarrhea in Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China. Methods Two hundred and seventy one stool specimens collected from both outpatients and inpatients with acute diarrhea at Department of Pediatrics of the First Hospital affiliated to Lanzhou University, from July 2003 to June 2004, were measured byenzyme- linked immunosorbant assay（ELISA）and reverse transcription- polymerase chain reaction（RT - PCR）. Results Rotavirus was detected in 153 of 271 specimens（56.46% ）and no gender difference was found. Rotavirus infection appeared in autumn and winter, but the peaks in Lanzhou were in October and November, 86.27% and 73.81% respectively. The highest infection rates of rotavirus were 57. 38% and 63.33% in infants between 6- 11 months and in infants between 12- 23 months. Genotyping of rotavirus showed that G3 was predominant（61.44% ）, followed by G2 （2.61%）, G9 （1.96%）. G1, G4, and mixed infections were not found. Only genotype P[8] （40.58%）was detected in G- positive specimens and no other types were found. The most common combination of G and P was P[ 8 ] G3, followed by P[ 8 ] G9. Canclusion Rotaviruses is the major etiological agent of diarrhea among infants and young children in Lanzhou. G3 was the predominant serotype.