某冶金企业噪声作业人员听力损伤的特点

Features of Occupational Noise-Induced Hearing Loss among Workers of Metallurgy Enterprise

目的为进一步了解太钢噪声作业人员听力损伤的特点,为控制和消除职业性噪声聋的发生提供依据。方法对15个生产厂256个噪声作业点进行现场监测。并对1 628名噪声作业人员进行健康体检,分析其噪声特性和双耳纯音听力损伤的特点。结果1 628名噪声作业人员按其接触噪声性质不同分为6个工种,听力损伤以轧钢系统岗位最严重,其次为流动性岗位,辅助性岗位最低。同时非稳态噪声听力损伤比稳态噪声严重。结论非稳态噪声、高频噪声引起的听力损伤比稳态/中、低频噪声引起的听力损伤严重。

[ Objective] To learn the features of occupational noise - induced hearing loss among workers of metallurgy enterprise and provide basis for controlling and eliminating occupational noise - induced deafness. [Methods] Supervision was conducted on 256 noise sites of 15 factories. Physical examination was made on 1 628 noise - exposed workers, the features of noise and the heating loss of both ears were analyzed. [Results] The 1 628 workers were divided into 6 working types according to the different features of the occupational noise. The most serious hearing loss occurs in the steel rolling system, while the slightest hearing loss occurred in the mobile and assistant working posts. Meanwhile, hearing loss caused by unsteady noise is more serious than that caused by steady noise. [Conclusion] Hearing loss caused by unsteady noise and high frequency noised is more serious than that by steady noise or noise of medium and low frequencies.