俄罗斯安全战略的演变与核裁军政策

Russia's Security Strategy & Its Nuclear Disarmament Policies

俄罗斯的安全战略经历了继承、调整到逐步成熟的演变,这一演变过程也明显地反映在俄罗斯的核领域,深刻地影响了俄罗斯的核裁军政策。独立初期俄罗斯在核裁军领域对美国的巨大让步非但没有得到相应的回报,还使俄国家利益受损,国际地位进一步下降。俄安全战略的调整导致核裁军步伐放缓:从1993年到2000年的7年时间里,俄美核裁军领域未取得任何实质性进展。普京上台后俄罗斯安全战略已基本调整到位,俄核裁军也不再是为政治需要而实行的阶段性对策,而是服从于国家安全战略,服务于国家利益的一种长期、稳定的政策。未来俄罗斯核裁军政策的变化既取决于其安全战略的变化,也受到其经济发展水平的影响。

Russia has experienced inheritage,adjustment and evolvement in its security strategy. This evolvement is obviously found in the nuclear field of Russia and influenced the nuclear disarmament policies of Russia. In the early days of its independence, Russia did not get its return from its great concession to America in the field of nuclear disarmament,it also suffered a big loss in the interests of the country. The international status of Russia also declined. Russia^s adjustment of its security strategy slowed down its steps of nuclear disarmament： within the 7 years from 1993 to 2000,Russia and U. S didn＇t make much practical progress in the filed of nuclear disarmament. When Putin became the President of Russia, Russia had almost adjusted its security strategy well. So the nuclear disarmament was no longer a stopgap for the sake of politics but submitted to the country＇s security strategy,a long-term and stable policy serving the country＇s interests. The change of Russia~ s nuclear disarmament policies in the future is decided by its change of security strategy and is influenced by the development of its economy.