印尼华裔青少年的身份认同与国家认同——华侨大学华文学院(集美)印尼华裔学生的调查研究

Identification and National Identity of the Teenagers of Chinese Descendant in Indonesia

依据对华侨大学华文学院印尼华裔学生的调查研究,探讨印尼华裔青少年一代的身份认同和国家认同问题。研究表明,所调查的印尼华裔青少年均已完全认同印度尼西亚国家,但是印尼长期推行歧视、排斥华人政策极大地挫伤了这种感情归属。他们有着强烈的华人身份认同意识,对融入印尼当地社会持积极的态度,并期望与印尼主体民族拥有同等的待遇。印尼华裔青少年的身份认同和国家认同均是一个动态的过程,国家的有关法律和政策在其中起着决定性的支配作用。印尼瓦西德总统、梅加瓦蒂总统实行的多元文化政策,使印尼华裔青少年国家认同和华人身份认同意识明显增强。

Based on the investigation of the students of Chinese descendents in Indonesia in the college of Chinese Language and culture of Huaqiao University, this article mainly discusses the identification and national identity of teenagers of Chinese descendents in Indonesia. It shows that the policies of discrimination and exclusion against Chinese in Indonesia have injured the teenager＇s identity feelings, although the teenagers have strong national identity with Indonesia. They enthusiastically get into Indonesia society and look forward to having equality with the main nationalities in Indonesia. These identification and national identity mentioned above are both changeable courses of identity. The related laws and policies play a critical part in this course. President Wahid and President Megawati＇s multilateral policies strengthened the Chineseness of teenagers of Chinese descendents in Indonesia.