中药三棱中新的甾体皂甙

Studies on the new steroid glycosides from Sparganium stoloniferum Buch-Ham

为阐明常用中药三棱活血化瘀的机理及寻找其有效成分，并为三棱的质量控制提供依据，将三棱先用乙醇提取，再用正丁醇萃取，采用低压硅胶柱层析进行分离，最后用现代光谱方法进行结构鉴定。结果分离得到了两个化合物，分别为△５，６－胆酸甲酯－３－Ｏ－α－Ｌ鼠李糖－（１→４）－β－Ｄ－吡喃葡萄糖（ＳＬ１）和β－谷甾醇－３－Ｏ－β－Ｄ－吡喃葡萄糖甙（ＳＬ２）。其中ＳＬ１为一个新的甾体皂甙；ＳＬ２为首次从该植物中分得。提示：胆甾皂甙类成分能有效抑制由ＰＡＦ诱导的血小板聚集。ＳＬ１可能是中药三棱活血化瘀的有效成分，可进一步探讨其活性。

In order to look for active constituents from a Chinese traditional medicine(Sparganium stoloniferum Buch-Ham.),the EtOH extract was partitioned between n-BuOH and H2O.The n-BuOH extract was purified with ether and chromatographed over silica gel column to yield SL1 and SL2.Their structures were identified by UV,IR,1H and 13C-NMR,FAB-MS.The results showed that two compounds were obtained.The structure of SL1 was elucidated as 25-methyl-5(6)-ene-5α-cholic acid-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside-(1→4)-β-D-glucopyranosyl.SL2 was β-sitosterol-3- O-β-D-glucopyranoside.It is suggested that cholic acid glycosides show significant PAF antagonist activity.SL1 may be one of the active constituents and needs further investigation.