pH值对有机垃圾厌氧水解和酸化速率的影响

The influence of pH value on anaerobic hydrolysis and acidogenesis rates of biodegradable organic waste.

通过易腐性有机垃圾的批式厌氧发酵实验，比较不同的发酵液pH值对水解和酸化速率的影响．结果表明，发酵液的pH值为5—7时有利于颗粒态有机物的水解；在pH值不控制及pH值为5,6，7，8条件下，微生物处于静止生长期时，水解速率常数K分别为6．81×10^-5．57×10^-4,3．51×10^-4,7．55×10^-4,2．47×10^-4h^-1．发酵液pH=7时最有利于微生物的合成代谢，从而促进碳水化合物和蛋白质的水解过程和酸化过程，表现为代谢产物如乙醇、乙酸、丁酸和氨氮的大量生成，以及其他代谢产物种类的增加；pH=5和pH=6时，反应后期能促进酸化过程；pH=8时，会抑制酸化过程；对pH值不控制时，严重抑制水解和酸化过程．

Through the batch anaerobic fermentation test of rotten organic waste, the influence of pH value of fermentation liquor on hydrolysis and acidogenesis rate were compared. The pH value 5-7 of the fermentation liquor was favorable for the hydrolysis of particulate organism. Under the conditions of uncontrolled pH values of 5, 6, 7 and 8, when the microorganisms grew at stationary phase, the hydrolysis rate constants K were 6.81×10^-5, 6.57×10^-4, 3.51×10^-4, 7.55×10^-4, 2.47×10^-4h^-1, respectively. The pH=7 of the liquor was most preferable for the microbial synthetic metabolism and further promoting hydrolysis and acidogenesis processes of carbohydrate and protein, displaying the production of large amount of metabolites such as ethanol, acetic acid, butyric acid and ammonia nitrogen, as increase of other kinds metabolite, pH=5 and pH=6 promote aeidogenesis process at the later stage of the reaction; pH=8 could inhibite the acidogenesis process; and uncontrolled pH value could inhibite seriously the processes of hydrolysis and acidogenesis.