大庆市2001年生态足迹计算分析

CALCULATIONS AND ANALYSIS OF ECOLOGICAL FOOTPRINTS OF DAQING CITY IN 2001

生态足迹是近年来较为流行的定量测度区域可持续发展状况的生物物理指标,其核心是测量人类对自然生态服务的需求和自然所能提供的生态服务之间的差距,从而定量判断区域的发展是否处于生态承载力的范围之内.本文计算了大庆市2001年的生态足迹,得出大庆市2001年人均生态足迹3.982 hm2,大庆市实际所能提供的人均生态足迹供给为1.651 hm2,因此大庆市2001年人均生态赤字为2.331 hm2.表明大庆市人口的消费需求超过了自然生态系统的再生能力,反映其生产生活强度超过了生态系统的承载能力,区域生态系统处于人类过度开发利用和压力之下,大庆市在区域尺度上处于不可持续状态.并针对减少生态赤字提出相应的对策.

The ecological footprint （E F） model, which focuses on measuring the difference between the human being＇s demands to ecological environment and the ecological service supplies from ecosystem, is a very popular method to evaluate on ration whether the development of a certain region is within the range of the capacity of natural ecosystem in recent years. This article calculates the ecological footprint of Daqing City in 2001. As a result, ecological footprint per capita in 2001 is 3. 982 hm^2 while Daqing City can only supply per capita with ecological footprint 1. 651 hm^2 in fact. That is to say, in Daqing City, ecological deficits per capita is 2. 331 hm^2 in 2001. From the analyses above, it can be seen that the demands of human consumption exceed the recycled ability of natural ecosystem and the intensity of production and life surpasses the capacity of ecosystem. Ecosystem in Daqing City is in a state of excessive exploitation and pressure of human beings. In a word, the situation of development in Daqing City is unsustainable. Finally, some countermeasures to reduce ecological deficits are put forward.