数据包络分析方法对黑龙江省三级医院相对效率的评价

The Evaluation on Relative Efficiencies of the Tertiary Hospitals in Heilongjiang by the Data Envelopment Analysis(or DEA)

目的:利用2004年的相关数据,研究黑龙江省三级医院的综合效率,为卫生决策提供有价值的信息。方法:采用数据包络分析(DEA)中的C2R模型,对一组投入和产出指标进行分析,并借助SAS软件求解。结果:参评的42所三级医院总体效率不高,仅有11所为DEA有效的医院。对于非DEA有效的医院,如果变成DEA有效的医院,共可以节省卫生人员5467人,床位5656张,固定资产80.37万元,减少年业务支出47.56万元;门、急诊人次共可增加318.36万人,出院人数可增加47550人,病床使用率可平均提高45.35%,病床周转次数平均可增加36.02次。结论:对于相对效率低下的医院,应该提高技术水平,发展特色专科,提高管理水平,适当地控制医院的规模,增加自身的竞争优势,才能进一步提高医院的整体效益。

Objectives： To observe general efficiencies of tertiary hospitals in Heilongjiang province based on the data of 2004, in order to provide valuable informations for health decisionmaking. Method： We use the C：R model in DEA to analyse input and output data , recurring to SAS software. Result. The general efficiencies are not very high, among the 42 hospitals which were estimated, only 11 hospitals were comprehensive effective. If the incompletely effective hospitals can be turned into the comprehensive effective ones, 5 467 personnels, 5 656 beds, 80.37 ten thousands capital asserts and 47.56 ten thousands yearly operating expenses can be saved on , 318.36 ten thousands person-times can be increased in the outpatient and emergency department, and 47 550 more patients can leave hospital than before, the using-rate of the sickbed can generally increase 45.35%, at the same time ,the turnover rate of the sickbed will generally increase 36.02%. Conclusions： The incompletely effective hospitals should improve their technology level, develop specialties , and improve management level. In addition , to control the size of hospital and enhance competitive advantage is important measures .only in this way can we improve the total benefit of the hosoitals.