早期进藏的美国人

The Americans Visitors to Tibet in Early Times

柔克义、史德文和麦戈文是三个早期进藏的美国人,活动于19世纪80年代至20世纪20年代。他们对于当时我国藏族社会生活的方方面面和汉藏两族的关系做了比较客观的记述。其中尤以后来出任美国驻华公使,参与制订美国政府对华门户开放政策的柔克义对于美国政府西藏政策的形成发挥了很大影响。本文依据汉文和英文资料对他们进行了介绍和评价。

William Woodville Rockhill,Albert Shelton and William Montgomery McGovern were three American visitors to Tibet in early modern history between the 1880s and the 1920s.In their works,many aspects of the Tibetan social life and the relationship of Tibetan-Han are narrated objectively.Of them,Rockhill,who later became American Minister in Peking and who was involved in drafting the American Government's 'Open Door' policy,exerted a huge influence in primarily forming America's Tibetan policy.The author of this thesis introduces and comments on their activities and effects based on English and Chinese materials and documents.