俄罗斯基础职业教育中的就业困境与对策

On Employment Difficulties of Primary Vocational Education in Russia and Countermeasures

苏联解体后,俄罗斯基础职业教育的发展面临重重困难。为了使基础职业教育摆脱困境,俄罗斯政府相关部门以解决基础职业教育毕业生的就业问题为突破口,通过扩大学校的自主权、加强人才需求预测、调整专业目录、开展短期培训等措施增强教育机构的适应能力,通过多方筹措资金、设置专业群、建立质量监控体系、密切同社会伙伴的关系等措施提高人才培养质量,使基础职业教育重新走上发展之路。

After Soviet breakup, primary vocational education in Russia has been facing great difficulties. To get rid of difficulties, relative sections of Russian government take graduates employment as breakthough and improve adaptive faculty of educational agencies by enlarging schools self- determining rights, strengthening talents demands forecasts, adjusting specialty catalogues and carrying on short -term training. In addition, they take measures, like financing by all means, setting up specialty group, constructing quality supervision system, etc, to improve talents＇ cultivation quality and develop primarv vocational education.