产业集聚水平测度的实证研究

The Empirical Analysis of Agglomeration Level Measurement of Industrial cluster

产业集聚作为产业演化过程中的一种地缘现象,是各国经济发展过程中的必然产物。由于规模收益递增和正的外部经济效应,产业集聚往往导致制造工业进一步趋向集中,对区域产业布局与发展产生重要影响。本文利用产业空间集聚指数和行业集中度CRn指标对中国部分制造产业1994-2003年集聚水平进行了测度。计算结果表明:在研究时限内,除医药制造行业存在下降趋势以外,中国制造产业的总体集聚程度正在不断提高,产业集聚和地方化呈现增长趋势。产业集聚弹性能够反映出不同产业集聚水平变化对工业经济增长产生的不同影响,可以为我们评价和发展产业集群提供决策参考。

The agglomeration of industries is an inevitable outcome in the course of many countries＇ economic development as a kind of geographical phenomenon in the industrial evolutionary process. Because of increasing scale proceeds and the positive effect of external economy, industrial clusters often lead manufacturing industry to further centralization tendence and have an important influence to regional industry layout and development. The agglomeration level of some China＇s manufacturing industry was measured by the concentration index of industrial space and CR, index in 1994 - 2003. The result indicates that the whole agglomeration level of China＇s Manufacturing Industry is raising continuously exclude medicine industry, and shows an increasing tendence of industry agglomeration and localization. The agglomeration level of electronic and equipment manufacturing industry is highest and it is the typical representative of industrial cluster. The positive correlation is presented between agglomeration level and economic increase of industry.