一起突发伤寒疫情的应急处理

AN EMERGENT RESPONSE TO AN OUTBREAK OF TYPHOID.

目的:调查暴发原因,检验《黔南州突发传染病疫情应急预案》效果。方法:组织有关人员组成疫情指挥领导小组、疫情调查处置组、医疗救治组、卫生监督组、行政组等,按《预案》有关措施要求组织实施。结果:本起突发伤寒疫情共发病145例,无死亡病例。6个病例血培养检出伤寒杆菌。村民饮用水细菌总数及大肠菌群超标,供水管道破损处的污水中检出1株伤寒沙门氏菌。疫情处置措施到位后3 d,发病迅速下降,疫情在一个伤寒的最长潜伏期内终止。结论:流行原因是由于该村饮用水供水管道破裂造成饮用水污染所致,疫情报告晚延误处理是造成疫情扩大的主要原因。按《预案》实施效果是显著的。

Objective： To realize the reason of this outbreak, and to check up the effect of 《The emergent measures when meeting an outbreak of infection in QianNan Prefecture》. Methods： The interrelated members were organized to build up the leading team, investigation team, medical treatment team, supervisory team, administration team etc. and to deal with the epidmaic using the corresponding measures in 《The emergent measures when meeting an outbreak of infection in QianNan Prefecture 》. Results： 145 people were involved in this outbreak, but nobody died. Typhoid bacillus was found in 6 cases while doing the blood culture. The amount of the bacillus and coliform in drinking water was over the standard, and salmonella was found in the sewage of the breakage of the flow pipe. The incidence of the disease decreased rapidly 3 days after the measures were implemented, and the epidemic typhoid was stopped within the longest delitescence. Conclusion： The epidemical reason is that the burst of the flow pipe of the drinking water which causing the water pollution. Also, the delay of reporting the disease impacted the disposal for the epidemic in time, which is the main reason caused the spread of epidemic situation. The effect is remarkable when following the 《The emergent measures when meeting an outbreak of infection in QianNan Prefecture》.