处理污染河水的渗流式生物床填料性能研究

Study on Packing Media Characteristic of Seepage Biological Bed for Polluted River Water Treatment

渗流式生物床是受严重污染小型河流强化治理的优选技术,而填料是河水处理的核心介质,高效、经济填料的选取对渗流式生物床的开发和应用具有重要意义。为此,选取试验基地附近4种价廉易得的天然及废弃材料作为填料,进行了填料物理性能、化学性能和生物附着性能的研究。结果表明:废陶瓷和废砖块具有较高的孔隙率和外部比表面积,物理性能较好,而沸石则具有较好的氨氮吸附性能;就渗出物质而言,4种填料用于河水处理都是安全可行的,其中废砖块渗出了较多的有益物质,并有较好的生物附着性能,是综合性能最好的填料,其余依次是沸石、废陶瓷和卵石。

The seepage biological bed （SBB） is the advisable technique for the treatment of heavily polluted water in small-river. Packing media is the key carrier in the biological treatment of polluted river water, so that the selection of the effective and economical packing media is very important for the development and application of the SBB. Four local waste and crude materials, which are no/low-cost and readily available, were selected as the packing media in SBB. The study on packing media characteristics shows that, the waste brick and waste porcelain have the high external specific surface area and porosity, with better physical characteristic. The zeolite has the better NH3 - N adsorption capability. The study of the lixivium quality shows that all four packing media are safe in application, and the lixivium of the waste brick have much more beneficial substance. The waste brick has the better microorganism adhesion capability. In general, the waste brick has the best packing media characteristic, followed by zeolite, waste porcelain and pebble.