无阀垂直流湿地的冬季运行效果分析

Analysis on Operation Efficiency of Valveless Vertical Flow Constructed Wetland in Winter

垂直流湿地具有占地面积小、投资少、除污效率高等特点,但运行管理较复杂.为简化其管理,设计了一个无阀垂直流湿地小试系统,介绍了其构造,并模拟农村生活污水的排放规律在冬季进行了污水处理试验.结果表明：当水力负荷为8.5 cm/d时,黑麦草无阀垂直流湿地对有机物具有良好的去除效果,对COD的去除率达85%,出水COD＜50 mg/L;该湿地对TN的去除效果稳定,去除率为50%左右;对TP的去除率为93.5%～54.2%,并随运行时间的延长而下降.

High removal capacity, low investment cost, and small occupancy area are the advantages of vertical flow constructed wetland. However, the operation and maintenance of this process are complicated. To simplify management, a lab-scale valveless vertical flow constructed wetland was designed, and its structure was described. Sewage treatment experiment was taken by simulating the discharging characteristic of domestic sewage in winter. The experiment results indicate that when hydraulic load is 8.5 cm/d, valveless vertical flow constructed wetland of planted ryegrass has a significant organic matter removal effect in winter, the removal rate of COD is 85% , and the effluent COD concentration is less than 50 mg/L. TN removal efficiency of the wetland system is stabilized at 50%. TP removal rate fluctuates from 93.5% to 54.2% , which declines with the extending of running period.