社会主义新农村建设的动力分析——论农村土地产权制度变革

The Driving Forces of the Campaign of New Socialist Countryside Construction——On the Land Ownership Reforms in the Rural Areas

社会主义新农村建设的动力来自于农民非农化的需求,来自于工业化和城镇化的拉力,也来自于农业产业化的驱动。然而这些力量发挥的基础在于农民对土地的支配权利。目前“集体所有、农户经营”的土地制度,由于农民土地产权不完整,不仅使得农村土地难以流转从而限制了农业资源的有效配置,也阻碍了现代农业制度的建立和农村合作组织的发展。文章认为,农村土地制度改革是新农村建设的重要内容,其改革方向是废除目前的集体所有形式,还权利于农民,这是符合农民需要、收益最显著而成本相对最小的制度变革途径,是农村进一步发展的动力基础。

The driving forces of new socialist countryside construction come from peasants＇ non-agricultural demand, from the need of industrialization and urbanization, and also from the industrialization of agricultural sector as well. In order for all these forces taking effect, a fundamental basis is farmers＇ right of disposing of the farming land. The current ＂owned collectively and managed by rural households＂ land system results in the incomplete ownership, making land transfer difficult, which hinders the effective allocation of agricultural resources, also holds back the establishment of modern agricultural system or the development of rural cooperative organizations. This at＇tide points out that the reform of rural land system is an important part of the new countryside construction campaign. The direction of the reform is to abolish the present form of collective ownership, returning the right to peasants. It conforms to the needs of peasants. This reform will maximize the benefits with the least costs, and it will be the basis of momentum for the further development of the countryside.