先天性支气管肺囊肿的X线诊断(附16例)

X-ray diagnosis and analysis of congenital bronchopulmonary cyst ( A report of 16 cases) .

目的探讨X线检查在先天性支气管肺囊肿诊断中的应用价值。方法收集资料完整的先天性肺囊肿16例,分析其发病部位和X线表现等。结果先天性支气管肺囊肿主要X线征象可分型为①单发含气囊腔,多呈薄壁圆形或卵圆形空腔,本组1例;②单发圆形或椭圆形含气液囊腔影1例,囊壁多较厚,空腔内有气液平面;③单发含液囊肿,表现为圆形椭圆形密度增高阴影,密度均匀,边缘光滑,可随呼吸而变形,本组1例。④一侧局限多发含气或含气液囊肿表现为多发大小不等的含气囊腔,囊壁光滑而薄,个别有液面,本组4例,部分极似囊状支气管扩张并发感染。⑤广泛多发含气或气液囊肿,病变广泛分布,呈蜂窝状改变,亦称为“蜂窝肺”,本组9例。其发病部位右肺6例(上叶2例,下叶2例,右侧广泛多发病灶2例),左肺7例(下叶3例,左侧广泛多发病灶4例),双肺广泛多发病灶3例。结论胸部动态X线检查和追踪观察简便易行,是诊断本病的首要检查方法,对支气管肺囊肿诊断和分型均有重要参考价值。

Objective To investigate the value of X - ray examination in diagnosis of congenital pulmonary bronchogenic cysts. Methods Sixteen cases of congenital pulmonary bronchogenic cysts were retrospectively analyzed, focusing on the observation of the lesion＇s site and X - ray manifestations. Results On X - ray manifestations scans, congenital pulmonary bronchogenic cysts have five patterns： ①Isolated, thin walled and air containing space air cysts： 1 case presented, the imaging features included round or ovoid soft - tissue cavity. ②Isolated, round or ovoid and air or hquid cysts： 1 case presented, the imaging features included well - defined round or ovoid cysts. The cavity have a liquid level.③Isolated, liquid cysts： 1 case presented, the imaging features included round or ovoid high -density shape, it＇s equality,fringe of velvet, it＇s shape changes with the respiration. ④One side, localize and multiple air or liquid cysts：4 cases presented, the imaging features included a lot of cavity liquid and/or air, different size, air and thin - walled cavity,few of fluid. In part of the imaging features catch like the dilatation,cystiform and infection bronchia. ⑤ Multiple pulmonary air cysts or multiple honeycomb is abroad：9 cases presented. 16 cases include 6 patients ＂lesion＇s site at right lung （2 patients at lung tip,2 patients at lung fundus,2 patients diffuse lung disease at right）, 7 patients at left lung （3 patients at lung fundus,4 patients diffuse lung disease at left ） ,and 3 patients abroad at both lung. Conclusion X - ray examination and observation is simple and convenience, itg the main method and very important in the diagnosis and type of congenital pulmonary bronchogenic cysts.