乙二醇体系中纳米Cu_2O的制备及其性能研究

Preparation of Nanocrystalline Cu_2O in Ethylene Glycol System and its Catalytic Properties

以Cu(NO3)2为原料,乙二醇为溶剂和还原剂,制备了不同形貌的纳米Cu2O。通过X射线衍射,透射电子显微镜对产物进行了表征,并用热分析法考察了纳米Cu2O对高氯酸铵热分解的催化作用。结果表明,在乙二醇体系中少量水的加入对产物的形貌有着重要的影响。当加入少量水时,产物形貌由不规则状变为短棒状。不同形貌的纳米Cu2O均能强烈催化高氯酸铵的热分解,分散性较好的Cu2O使高氯酸铵的高温分解温度下降了约104℃,分解放热量由590J/g增至1450J/g。

Cu2O nanocrystals of different morphologies have been successfully prepared using Cu（ NO3 ）2 as the starting materials and ethylene glycol （EG） as the solvent and reducing agent. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction （XRD）, transmission electron microscopy （TEM）. The results show that the cubic and irregularly shaped Cu2O nanocrystals can be obtained from this procedure. The presence of small amounts of water plays an important role in the formation of the shape of Cu2O nanocrystals. The Cu2O nanorods could be prepared by adding small amounts of water into the above EG solution. The catalysis of Cu2O nanocrystals of different morphologies on ammonium Perchlorate decomposition is strong. The 2% of cubic and irregularly shaped Cu2O nanocrystals can make the higher decomposition temperature of ammonium perchlorate decrease 104℃. The exothermic quantity of decomposition was from 590J/g up to 1450 J/g.