2003年～2004年中国食品添加剂监测结果与分析

Analysis of Results of Surveillance on Use of Food Additives in China during 2003～2004

为了掌握我国食品添加剂使用的实际情况,对食品添加剂进行危险性评估,2003年～2004年在全国13个省市采集食品样品进行了山梨酸、苯甲酸、糖精钠、甜蜜素、安赛蜜、柠檬黄、胭脂红、苋菜红、日落黄、亮蓝10种添加剂在碳酸饮料、果汁饮料、酱油、醋、酱菜、陈皮话梅、果冻、果脯、熟肉类中使用情况的监测,获得数据12436个。统计结果显示:我国食品添加剂超过国家标准限量值和超过适用范围使用的现象比较严重,甜味剂中的甜蜜素和糖精钠过量添加,特别是陈皮话梅类,甜蜜素含量的全国平均值为11.56gkg,超标率43.84%,最大值49gkg,超过国家标准6倍;安赛蜜含量较低,超标率也较低;防腐剂中的苯甲酸过量添加严重,在酱菜类食品中,全国平均值为0.911gkg,超标率44.59%,最大值13.30gkg;合成色素在食品中的使用情况较好,但在碳酸饮料、果汁饮料、果冻等食品中存在违规添加色素问题。我国食品添加剂的使用存在问题较多,需加强监管。

To keep informed on the actual situation of the use of food additives in China and carry out the risk assessment so as to amend the GB 2760 hygienic standard for use of food additives, Samples of foods and beverages were collected from 13 provinces and cities and examined for contents of 10 kinds of food additives. The results indicate that excessive use of food additives was a serious problem during that period. The average content of cyclamate in preserved prune was 11.56 g/kg. the content of cyclamate in 43.84% of the samples of preserved prune exceeded the national standard with the highest reached 49 g/kg, which was 6 times of the national standard. The problem of excessive use of acesulfame K in foods was less serious. But benzoic acid in the foods were very excessively added, especially in pickled vegetables. The content of benzoic acid in 44.59% of the samples exceeded the national standard, with the highest reached 13.3 g/kg. The situation of synthetic colors in foods was mild, but the problem of excessive use still existed in the production of soft drinks, juice beverages and jellies.