Role of cyclooxygenase-2 in the carcinogenesis of gastrointestinal tract cancers: A review and report of personal experience

选择 cyclooxygenase (艇长)-2 禁止者(coxibs ) 作为反煽动性的药之一被开发避免 non-steroidal 的各种各样的副作用反煽动性的药(NSAID ) 。然而， coxibs 也有一个能力禁止各种各样的类型的肿瘤开发 NSAID 的一样的方法。用细胞线和动物模型的许多试验性的研究表明了一个能力阻止 COX-2 禁止者的肿瘤增长。在为息肉 chemoprevention 执行使随机化的研究以后，与家庭腺瘤息肉病( FAP )在病人学习，它证明有 celecoxib 的治疗， coxibs 之一，显著地减少了颜色的数字在 2000 的表面的息肉，美国食物药品管理局(食物及药品管理局)立即为 FAP 病人同意了临床的使用 celecoxib 。然而，某 coxibs 最近被报导包括心脏病和击增加严肃的心血管的事件的风险。在这篇文章，我们在胃肠道的致癌作用考察 COX-2 的一个角色，例如食管，胃和 colorectum，并且也为胃肠道肿瘤的 chemoprevention 分析 coxibs 的前景。

Selective cyclooxygenase （COX）-2 inhibitors （coxibs） were developed as one of the anti-inflammatory drugs to avoid the various side effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs （NSAIDs）. However, coxibs also have an ability to inhibit tumor development of various kinds the same way that NSAIDs do. Many experimental studies using cell lines and animal models demonstrated an ability to prevent tumor proliferation of COX-2 inhibitors. After performing a randomized study for polyp chemoprevention study in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis （FAP）, which showed that the treatment with celecoxib, one of the coxibs, significantly reduced the number of colorectal polyps in 2000, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration （FDA） immediately approved the clinical use of celecoxib for FAP patients. However, some coxibs were recently reported to increase the risk of serious cardiovascular events including heart attack and stroke. In this article we review a role of COX-2 in carcinogenesis of gastrointestinal tract, such as the esophagus, stomach and colorectum, and also analyze the prospect of coxibs for chemoprevention of gastrointestinal tract tumors.