外出务工人员新发肺结核病流行病学、临床及影像学特征

Study on epidemiological, clinical and image characteristics of new pulmonary tuberculosis in migrant labourers

目的探讨外出务工人员务工期间新发肺结核病的流行病学、临床及影像学特征，为该类特殊人群肺结核的防制、诊断与治疗提供理论依据。方法对202例外出务工人员新发肺结核病患者和210例常住人口新发肺结核病例的相关资料进行回顾性分析。结果外出务工人员新发肺结核病具有男性多于女性、21～40岁为高发年龄段、患者文化程度低、职业分布广泛、无明显季节性的流行病学特征，临床表现典型、就诊延迟现象明显、以Ⅲ型肺结核初治病例为主的临床特征和病变分布广泛、以斑片斑点状浸润性渗出病变为主的影像学特征。结论提高外出务工人员自我防护意识，及时发现外出务工人群中的肺结核病患者是控制外出务工人员新发肺结核病流行与传播的重要措施。

Objective To explore epidemiological, clinical and image characteristics of new pulmonary tuberculosis in migrant labourers and to provide the theoretical evidences for its prevention, diagnosis and treatment. Methods 202 new patients in migrant labourers and 210 in residents were analyzed retrospectively. Results Among the patients, male was more than female, which most of them were in 21 --40 age group. They had little education, widespread occupations but indistinctly seasonal prevalence rate; the clinical features, were charactized as typical manifestations of pulmonary tuberculosis such as cough, low fever, loss of weight, significantly delayed in diagnosis, and first confirmed tuberculosis type Ⅲ. Broad pathologic change effusion were its image characteristics. Conclusions Improving migrant labourers＇ awareness of protecting themselves . and promptly discovering the eases of pulmonary tuberculosis in the migrant labourers were important measures of controlling new pulmonary tuberculosis among them.