论致使的语义核心——致使力的传递

On the Semantic Core of Causative——Transference of Causative Force

致使是一个重要的语言范畴,表达的是致使者通过致使力作用于被使者,导致被使者产生一定的致使结果。致使有其自身的认知经验基础——驱动图式,反映的是致使者与被使者之间的驱动关系。在此基础上,提出致使的语义核心是致使力的传递,它包含作用、始变和状态三个环节。然后,分析了致使力传递的语言表现,探讨了致使力传递的类型和方向性、意识性、预期性、现实性、连续性和多样性等诸多特征,以期对揭示致使的本质有所裨益。

Causative is an important language category and it represents that the causer imposes force： on the causee, and therefore engenders certain result at the same time. In the author＇s opinion, causative is based on driven schema and reflects the driven relationship between the causer and the causee. In addition, it is put forward that the semantic core of causative is the transference of causative force, which consists of three parts, i.e. effect, cause, become and state. Subsequently, the language representation is analyzed. Some characteristics including types, orientation, consciousness, realism, continuity and diversity of causative force are also discussed in detail, in expectation of being beneficial to unveil the essence of causative.