对韦伯理性官僚制的再审视

Rethinking of Weber's Theory of Rational Bureaucracy

韦伯在总结传统官僚制的基础上,创立了理性官僚制这一重要理论。但诞生于工业社会基础上的理性官僚制在进入后工业社会和信息时代时,显示出许多的不适应性,特别是低效率、封闭性和压抑人性等问题长期受到理论界的猛烈批判。然而,以历史唯物主义的观点来看,韦伯的理性官僚制作为一种高度理想化的纯粹的组织机构类型和组织形式,它所体现的工具理性价值,对现实仍具有借鉴意义。因此,应重视吸收其有益的智识资源,为我所用。

Weber established the theory of rational bureaucracy on the basis of analyzing the traditional bureaucracy system. The rational bureaucracy system based on industrial society has become unsuitable to the Industrial Society and the Information Age and suffered various criticisms such as low efficiency, closeness and suppressing human nature, etc. However, from the aspect of Historical Materialism, Weber＇s rational bureaucracy system, as an ideal and pure organization mode and structural form, its tool rationality value should be considered in practice. Therefore, we should emphasize on using its beneficial resources.