第三方物流的契约经济理论分析

An analysis on TPL in the aspect of contract economics theory

第三方物流亦称契约物流,基本具备了契约的所有属性与特征。同其他契约一样,物流契约同样具有不完全性,这就使得物流契约当事人之间在利益分配中就存在一定的“剩余”,从而导致一系列问题的产生。如何处理这一“剩余”,是物流契约(物流外包)中的重要问题,并会导致相应交易费用的产生。为减少相关交易费用,半结合(联盟)就成为一个重要解决方案。此外,制定合理的激励机制,设计自动实施物流契约,是促进第三方物流发展的重要途径。

Third party logistics （TPL） is also called contract logistics, which possesses almost all attributes of contracts. Just as other contracts, logistics contract is of incompleteness, which induces the surplus exist in the assignment of interest between the logistics contracting parties,and this may produce many problems.How to arrange the surplus is an important thang,which can give birth to corresponding transaction cost. To reduce the transaction cost, half-combination （alliance） is an important solution. Furthermore, reasonable simulative mechanism and auto- implement logistics contract are crucial ways to promote the development of TPL.