西藏农牧区妇女孕产期保健现状分析

Study on maternal health care status to agricultural and nomadic counties in Tibet Autonomous Region of China

目的了解西藏自治区农牧区妇女孕产期保健现状。方法采用横断面调查方法,分层随机抽样,入户访问了1512名3岁以下儿童的母亲。结果妇女产前检查覆盖率为77.6%,平均产前检查次数为3.89次,5次以上产前检查率为26.3%,住院分娩率为40.4%,83.9%的妇女接受过孕期卫生保健宣传教育,产后访视的比例为66.2%。家庭有无副业收入、是否牧区、个人卫生状况、产前保健宣传教育、动员住院分娩、孕期保健知识等是影响是否进行产前检查的主要因素。结论该地区妇女孕产期保健状况有显著改善,但目前产前检查次数仍然偏低,住院分娩率偏低,缺乏孕产期保健常识是影响孕产期保健利用的主要因素之一。建议加强健康教育,普及孕期卫生保健知识,促进产前保健和住院分娩。

Objective To understand the current situation of maternal health care and the association between maternal health care and relevant factors. Methods According to a cross sectional study design, 1512 mothers having children under 3 years old were drawn under stratified random sampling method and interviewed at their households in 15 counties, Tibet Autonomous Region of China. Resnlts 77.6 % of the pregnant women received at least one antenatal checkup with an average of 3.89 times while the rate of antenatal checkup over 5 times was 26.3 %. The hospital delivery rate was 40.4 % in this area. 83.9 % of the women received education under the health care program during pregnancy and 66.2 % of them were visited by health workers after delivery. Major factors of the antenatal checkups would include the resource of income, living in nomadic area, personal sanitation, antenatal health ＇care education, mobilization of delivery at hospital, knowledge of antenatal health care etc. Conclusions There had been great improvement in women＇ s health care in this area as compared with the status in 1999, but the frequency of receiving antenatal checkup was still not enough and the rate of hospital delivery was also low as compared with 46 counties in western areas of China. Poor knowledge of health care during pregnancy seemed to be the major factor that limited the utilization of antenatal health care. Knowledge on health and common sense of health care should be disseminated to improve the antenatal care and to enhance the hospital delivery rate.