阿扎司琼和蒽丹西酮预防急性白血病化疗相关恶心和呕吐的单中心回顾性研究

Prevention of nausea and vomiting during chemotherapy of acute leukemia by Azasetron and Ondansetron: a retrospection study

目的观察盐酸阿扎司琼预防蒽环类为基础的联合化疗方案引起的恶心、呕吐的临床疗效和不良反应。方法急性白血病患者均接受DA方案(D:柔红霉素45 mg／m2,d1-3;A:阿糖胞苷100 mg／m2,d1-) 或VDP方案(V:长春新碱1．4 mg／m2,d1;D:柔红霉素45 mg／m2,d1-3;P:泼尼松60 mg／d),患者在化疗前 30 min接受阿扎司琼10 mg或蒽丹西酮8 mg预防治疗。结果阿扎司琼和蒽丹西酮组第1-3天的呕吐预防有效率分别为96．7％、94．2％、91．7％和94．1％、91. 7％、88．1％,两组间差异无显著性。应用药物后,阿扎司琼和蒽丹西酮组仍分别有12例(10．0％)和13例(15．5％)患者出现Ⅱ-Ⅲ级恶心;10例(8．3％)和10例(11．9％) 患者出现Ⅱ-Ⅲ级呕吐。不良反应主要为便秘和头痛。结论盐酸阿扎司琼是预防急性白血病化疗呕吐的有效药物,耐受性较好。

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and adverse effect of azasetron hydrochloride on prevention of ernesis induced by combined antraeyclin-based chemotherapy. Method The acute leukemia patients enrolled in this study all received DA or VDP regimen. Azasetron or ondansetron was given at the dose of 10 mg or 8 mg, respectively 30 minutes before the administration of chemotherapy. Results During the first 3 days of treatment, the response rates were 96.7%, 94.2%, 91.7% and 94.1% ,91.7% ,88.1% for azasetron and ondansetron, respeetively, Showing no significant difference between the two. The incidence of Ⅱ-Ⅲ degree nausea and vomiting were 12 （10.0%）, 10 （8.3%） and 13 （15. 5%） and 10 （11.9o//00） for azasetron and ondansetron, respectively. The most frequent adverse effects were constipation and headache. Conclusion Azasetron hydroehloride is effective in prevention of emesis of chemotherapy for patients of acute leukemia with excellent tolerability.