《文心雕龙》的“气”论及其在文论史上的影响和意义

The "气(Qi)" Theory in Literary Reviews and its Influences and Significance in the History of Literary Theory

《文心雕龙》对“气”的认识和实践,与此前的文论相比,有了不少新的拓展:如使用的“气”的含义已极为丰富,对文中之“气”有更详尽的区分和论述,开始表现出一些灵活运用的特征。这些拓展对后世文论产生了重要的影响,比如注意区分“气”的高雅凡俗,看重时代、时运、习俗等的濡染,认知和诠释更为丰赡和立体等等。这些变化,突出地显现了文论家受民族审美文化的熏陶和对艺术与生活的诗意追求及其价值取向。

Compared with its previous literary reviews, innovative ideas of the ＂气（Qi） can be found in Literary Reviews . For example, the meanings of the ＂气 （Qi）＂ used are more varied and the distinction and narration of the ＂气（Qi）＂ in literary works are more detailed which can be illustrated in its flexible use of this character. These innovative developments have significant influences on the literary theory in the later times that follow. For example, more attention is given to the distinction of the gracefulness and roughness; factors like time, fortune and customs, etc. are included; its recognition and interpretation are more profound, etc. All these changes reveal to us the literary critics who are deeply edified by the national aesthetic culture and their poetic pursuit of art and life as well as their values.