固体氧化物燃料电池电解质材料的研究进展

Development of Electrolyte Materials Used in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

固体氧化物燃料电池(SOFC)被誉为21世纪最具有发展潜力的能源材料之一,它的热效率高、燃料的适应性强,能很好地满足区域供电、供热的需要,具有重要的经济和社会意义。本文综述了SOFC电解质的研究进展,指出在诸多的电解质材料中,尽管氧化铋系电解质拥有最高的电导率,但由于其化学稳定性很差,难以获得广泛的应用;氧化钇全稳定的氧化锆(YSZ)由于其中低温的电导率较低,只适用于高温SOFC;稀土掺杂的氧化铈和LaGaO3钙钛矿材料拥有较高的中低温电导率,性质较为稳定,是适用于中低温SOFC的电解质材料。

Solid oxide fuel cells （SOFC） are expected to be one of the most potential energy sources in 21 century. They have high heat efficiency and good fuel adaptiveness so that they can meet the needs of local supply of power and heat. They will play an important role in our society and economy. The present review is aimed at providing a state - of - art of the electrolyte materials for solid oxide fuel cells. It was pointed out that among the most of electrolyte materials, BiO2- based electrolyte is not the preferred electrolyte material due to the bad chemical stability, although its ionic conductivity is very high. Yttria - stabilized zirconia （YSZ） is applicable only in high temperature SOFC because of its low ionic conductivity in intermediate and low temperature. The rare earth doped CeO2 and LaGaO3 perovskite materials are electrolyte materials suitable for intermediate and low temperature SOFC due to its high ionic conductivity and good chemical stability.