试论珠江三角洲的围董及围董会

A Tentative Analysis of the Dyke Board of the Pearl River Delta

围董及围董会是珠江三角洲人民在清末与民国时期,自发组成的一种民间性基层水利管理机构。它在动员群众修筑堤围、筹集资金、防汛抢险、调解水利纠纷等方面,始终扮演了较为重要的角色。自清末至民国,政府对围董(会)的管理与渗透虽日益加强,但其权威却始终未能深入到水利基层管理中去。

The Board of Directors of Dyke was a kind of grass-roots organization,which aimed at managing the dykes in the Delta of Pearl River during the period of the Late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China. It played an important part in masses motivation,money collection,flood-prevention and irrigation-dispute mediation.At the same time,the local government tried its best to strengthen the management of the Boards,but its authority had never penetrated into the basic units of the water conservancy.