经电子支气管镜诊断与治疗肺不张85例分析

Analysis for 85 cases of lung atelectasis diagnosed and treated by electronic bronchoscope

目的探讨应用电子支气管镜对肺不张患者进行病因诊断及镜下治疗的意义。方法对采用电子支气管镜检查和辅助治疗的85例肺不张患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果支气管镜下78例明确病因诊断,诊断率91.8%。其中肺癌59例(69.4%)居首位,炎症16例(18.8%),结核9例(10.6%),原因不明1例(1.2%)。病变部位以右中叶最多共26例(30.6%),肺癌和炎症是右中叶肺不张的主要病因。对61例(71.8%)患者经支气管镜吸痰、灌洗、给药、止血等治疗后不张肺叶均有不同程度复张,呼吸功能明显改善。结论支气管镜对肺不张的病因诊断具有重要意义,针对病因经支气管镜辅助治疗可促进肺复张。

Objective To investigate the significance of diagnosis and treatment of lung atelectasis undergone electronic bronchoscope. Methods The clinical data for 85 cases of lung atelectasis andergoing electronic bronchoscope examination and assistant treatment were retrospectively analyzed. Results The definite pathogenesis diagnosis by electronic bronchoscope was 78 cases out of 85, the diagnostic rite was 91.8%. Among them there were 59 cases of lung cancer （69.4%）, which ranked the first place in various pathogenesis. There were 16 cases of inflammation （ 18.8 % ） and 9 cases of tuberculosis （ 10.6% ） there was one case （ 1.2 % ） with unknown reason. Pathological changes took place mostly in the middle leaf on the right in 26 cases （30.6%）. And lung cancer and inflammation were the main reasons to cause lung atelectasis in the middle leaf on the right. The respiratory function in 61 patients （71.8%） was improved at different extent by electronic bronchoscope treatment, such as aspirating sputum, washing, medicine treatment, and hemostasis, etc. Conclusion Bronchoscope is quite significant for the pathogenesis diagnosis of lung atelectasis, which could improve patients＇ condition in patients with lung atelectasis.