范畴化与意义认知变异

Categorization and Cognitive Variation in Meaning

范畴化是人类认识客观世界的认知基础,范畴化过程中既形成原型范畴又形成文化定势。因此人类对意义的认知与原型、定势都有关。原型被称为是一类事物中的“最佳样板”,是人类对意义认知的基础和核心部分,有助于我们对意义的认知范畴化。而文化定势是人类思想范畴化的一种复杂形式,它局限于特定社会中的人群,使他们对意义的认知在主观上产生固化。如果用认知的观点审慎地看待范畴,就会发现原型是人的思想表现的认知参照点。所以对不同语言社团的人来说,同一范畴中意义的认知可能会产生变异。

Categorization is a cognitive base for human being to recognize the world, in which prototype and stereotype are formed. The cognition of thus relates to both prototype and stereotype. Prototype is regarded as ＂the best exemplar＂ of a category. It is the basis for human being to cognize and categorize meaning. Stereotype can be described as a complex model of thinking categorization among certain group of people and a cause for meaning fossilization. Variation of meaning cognition in the same category exits in different cultural community.