复杂海况条件下水下深孔控制炸礁技术

TECHNOLOGY OF UNDERWATER DEEP-HOLE CONTROLLED BLASTING OF MARL REEF IN COMPLICATED SURROUNDINGS

上海洋山深水港炸礁工程所在水域水文条件复杂,水深、流急、风大、涌浪大,且水流无规则。爆破厚度达21m、施工水深25m,该工程是目前国内难度最大的炸礁工程。施工中采用了自升式炸礁平台船,工程中解决了水深、流急条件下的深孔爆破垂直钻孔的施工难度,克服了海水对爆破器材的压力及渗溶而引起的对炸药敏感度、爆速和猛度的不利影响;研究解决了施工中平台定位、钻孔、装药、微差控制爆破等技术难题。这些技术的解决,对于今后在类似复杂环境下的水下炸礁爆破工程有重要意义。

The present paper discussed the technology of the underwater deep-hole controlled blasting employed in blasting marl reef in complicated surrounds in Shanghai Yangshan Harbour.Being in complicated hydrology conditions, the engineering was involved into such bad situations as deep water, torrent in abnormal flow, frequent heavy wind and big swell. The blasting thickness was high to 21m, and the blasting operation should be performed 25m under water. The engineering was the most difficulty one at that time in the blasting of marl reef in our country. The blasting adopted the drilling explosion by blasting reef platform ship of automatic fluctuation,by which the operation difficulty of deep-hole blasting with vertical drilling in deep water with torrent was resolved,the negative influence of water pressure and penetration dissolution on initiating materials and accessories was eliminated and so the resulting influence on explosive sensitivity, detonation velocity, and brisance was also eliminated. The researches in this paper on resolving the technique puzzle of platform localization, drilling, explosive charging and the millisecond controlled blasting are of importance to reef blasting engineering under deep-water in complicated environment in China.