“语法隐喻”及其对认知科学的意义

Grammar Metaphors and Their Significance to Cognitive Science

“语法隐喻”是运用语法规则和话语去隐喻事物或事件的发展。它们包括灵魂语法、人的语法、生物语法和分子语法。灵魂语法以思维和行动的方式表达所预设的东西,人的语法以具体人作为基本细节和活动发生源表达所预设的东西,生物语法以某个生物作为基本细节和活动源表达所预设的东西,分子语法以分子和分子群作为基本细节和活动源表达所预设的东西。“语法隐喻”与“意向姿态”非常相似,它们是认知科学的“元话语”系统。这些不同语法可以在任务-工具隐喻中得到整合,并在认知科学中发挥重要作用。

The 'grammar metaphors' are to make use of the grammar rules and discourses to metaphor the development of things and events.They include Soul grammar,Person grammar,Organism grammar and Molecular Grammar.A Soul grammar expresses what is presupposed in ways of thinking and acting which make use of the principle that each person has an immaterial soul,inhabiting,but not identical with,the material body.A Person grammar can be used to express what is presupposed when we treat embodied persons as the basic particulars and originating sources of activity.An Organism grammar is being used to express aspects of human life that seem to be common to Homo sapiens and other higher animals.A Molecular grammar is based on molecules and molecular clusters as the basic particulars and originating sources of activity,and express what is presupposed.