吉林省地方性氟中毒全国重点监测结果分析

Analysis on the surveillance results of endemic fluorosis in Jilin province

目的调查监测县及监测点防治措施落实情况及防治效果。方法按照“全国地方性氟中毒监测方案”，调查监测县防氟改水进度，100个防氟设施管理使用情况及水氟含量。用氟离子选择电极法检测监测点居民饮水氟含量和8～12岁儿童尿氟含量。采用Dean氏法调查监测点81～2岁儿童氟斑牙检出率。结果监测县改水率为82．9％。监测县100个防氟设施中，85％完好并可正常使用。但有11眼防氟井水氟含量超过1．0mg／L。2个监测点饮水氟含量分别为0．49mg／L和0．58mg／L；8～12岁儿童尿氟含量分别为1．21mg／L和1．17mg／L，平均为1．23mg／L；2个监测点8～12岁儿童氟斑牙患病率分别为34．04％和42．50％，平均为37．93％。结论监测县多数病区已改水，多数防氟设施管理使用良好。地方性氟中毒防治取得显著成绩。但仍存在一些问题，如防氟井管理、使用、维护不善等。今后应采取对策改善现况，从而促进地方性氟中毒的防治工作。

Objective To investigate implement condition of preventive measure and control effect for endemic fluorusis in sentinel sites and county （ Qianan county）. Methods It was investigated to progress of water - proving of whole county; usage and manage as well as fluorides content in drinking water of 100 the well for control fluorusis according to the＂ national surveillance program of endemic fluorusis＂. The mottled teeth of children aged 8 to12 years at schools was examined with Dean＇index. The fluorides content in urine of children aged 8 tol 2 years was determined with FSIE method. Results The rate of water - improving was 82.9% in whole county. It was 85% of unharmed and to be able to used for the well for control fluorusis, but there was 11 the well of control of fluorusis exceed 1.0 mg/L for fluoride content in drinking water in 100 the well. In two sentinel sites, the fluoride content in drinking water was 0.49mg/L and 0.58mg/L, the urinary fluoride content of children was 1.21 mg/ L and 1.17 mg/L. The incidence of children suffering from mottled teeth was 34.04% and 42.50% . Conclusiom The bulk of the disease village had water - improving in Qianan county. The installation of control fluorusis was fine to manage and usage. The water - improving for control endemic fluorusis has marked advance in sentinel county. The problem exists in construct, manage and usage for the well for control endemic fluorusis. Form now on, we must take the way to deal with a situation to improving the present situation of manage and usege for the well of control fluorosis in order that advance the work of control fluorusis.