灌区土壤盐渍化发展模拟预测与对策研究

Application of MODFLOW Model in the Study of Soil Salinization Development and Controlling Measures

以秦王川灌区观测和调查资料为依据，采用目前广为实用的MODFLOW地下水模拟软件，对灌区地下水动态进行了预测和分析，并对地下水质的发展趋势作出评价。灌溉实施以来，秦王川灌区地下水位避年上升。未来10年内盐沼区面积扩大约为28km^2，并且将继续增加，地下水埋深0～2m的面积达31.4km^2。占灌区面积的比例约为6％。未来20年地下水坦深0—2m的面积达47k,^2，占灌区面积的比例为10％左右。根据地下水位的变化特征，对控制土壤盐渍化发展的因素和对策进行了分析，提出以明沟排水为主，加大灌区下游地下水排泄能力；以渠灌为主，适度发展井灌，大力推行田间节水灌溉技术等对策。

Based on observation and investigation data in Qinwangchuan irrigation district, a MODFLOW groundwater model was used to predict the groundwater regime, and estimate the trend of the groundwater quality. The groundwater level increased year by year since the irrigation was implemented. The salt marshland will expand about 28 km^2 in the next ten years and continue to expand. The area that the groundwater depth is between zero and 2 m reaches 31.4 km^2 and 47 km^2 respectively within the next ten years and twenty years, taking up 6 percent and 10 percent of total area of irrigation district respectively. The factors and countermeasures controlling the development of soil salinization were analyzed. Main countermeasures were proposed, including the increase of drainage capability in the downstream of irrigation district regarding open ditch drainage as core, the appropriate development of well irrigation regarding canal irrigation as core, and the promotion of farmland water saving technology.