废旧轮胎全尺寸火灾实验研究

Behavior of Abandoned-tyres in Full-scale Fire Test

利用ISO 9705标准的全尺寸实验装置对废旧轮胎进行全尺寸火灾实验研究.测试的轮胎按照竖直和水平两种方式摆放,实验测量了与轮胎燃烧相关的热释放速率,质量损失速率,有效燃烧热,烟气产生量和CO/CO2产生量等参数.实验结果分析表明轮胎的有效燃烧热很高大约为28MJ/kg,轮胎的摆放方式对其燃烧行为有很大的影响,竖直摆放的轮胎的热释放速率峰值是水平摆放的两倍,且其CO生成率也要比水平摆放的要高.轮胎火灾的烟气产生量非常大,能达到装饰家具燃烧所产生烟气的14倍之多,同时轮胎火灾烟气中包含有CO、CO2和别的有毒气体,一旦释放到空气中必将对环境产生巨大的污染.

Full-scale experiments were conducted using the rig built according to ISO9705 standard to study the fire behavior of the abandoned-tyres. In the experiments, the tyres were arranged vertically and horizontally with the number of tyres varying from one to two. Parameters associated with the fire behavior of the tyres such as heat release rate, mass loss rate, effective combustion heat, smoke production rate, and CO/CO2 production rate were measured. Analysis of the data indicated that the tyres had a high effective combustion heat of around 28MJ/kg, and the configurations of the tyres affected the behavior of the tyres greatly, peak heat release rate of vertically arranged tyres was almost twice that of the horizontally arranged ones, and the CO production rate of tyres with vertical arrangement was larger than that of tyres with horizontal arrangement. The smoke produced by the tyre fire was extremely large, almost fourteen times that of the upholstered furniture, and contained carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and other toxic gases which would do great harm to environment ,when released into the air.