晚清中国传统知识分子的矛盾心态与行为——以“京东第一人”史梦兰为例

Contradictory traditional intellectual mood and action in the late Qing Dynasty

以史梦兰为例,阐释晚清传统知识分子在社会变革中的心态与行为。由于所受传统教育使然,在社会大变革来临之际,史梦兰虽然具有强烈的忧患意识,但是却无改造社会之能力,其一生徘徊于入世与出世的矛盾之中,并最终不得不选择隐居生活。史氏的人生轨迹,显示出传统儒学在社会变革中的无力与没落,预示出饱受儒学羁绊的传统知识分子的悲剧人生。

Taking Shi Menglan as example, The essay sets forth traditional intellectual mood and action at social transformation in the late Qing Dynasty. Because of the traditional education which he accepted, Shi Menglan had strong suffering consciousness, but lacked the capability used to change the society. He hesitated joining or leaving society throughout his life, and had to select to be a hermit ultimately. His living orbit demonstrated the weakness and wane of Confucianism in social transformation, and indicated tragedy life of traditional intellectuals suffered enough from Confucianism.