地质构造对生态环境的控制作用分析——以博尔塔拉河为例

ANALYSIS THE CONTROL OF GEOTECTONIC ON FLOW AND ECO-ENVIRONMENT IN BORTALA RIVER——ZHAOSHUNYANG,WANGWENKE,QIAOGANG,WANGWENMING,QIAOXIAOYING

博尔塔拉河是天山北麓唯一东西流向的河流,是目前艾比湖的主要补给来源.沿流向分布的温泉隆起、博乐断隆,形成了上、中、下游3个盆地,各盆地的水资源转化均呈现上部渗漏下部溢出.基岩隆起成为盆地的天然地下坝体,在中游形成天然的地下水库.另外河流北部的乌拉斯台隆起调节了支流的水循环.这些造成博尔塔拉河的径流量温泉站夏季最大,而博乐站冬季最大.上游为良好自然草地生态,中游为较好的农田草地生态,下游为荒漠生态.研究认为构造演化决定地貌格局和土壤岩性,它们控制了水体分布与运动和土壤性质,水土状况共同决定植被等生态环境特征.

The Bortala River is the only one which flow from west to east in north piedmont of Tian Mountain, and the most important supply source of Ebinur Lake. Wenquan and Bole promontory distributing along with Bortala River, which formed 3 basins of up. middle and down reach. In each basin, water been transformed by leak in upside and overflow in downside, the middle reach of Bortala become a nature groundwater reservoir. The wulasitai promontory adjusts the water circle of sub reach. Those geotectonic cause the most fiver flux is summer of Wenquan county and Bole city change to winter, the up reach region is better natural grassplot ecology, the middle reach region is good farmland and grassplot ecology, the down reach region is hungriness ecology. So I sum up that geotectonic evolvement controls physiognomy and soil character, those dominate water distribute and movement, water and soil status codetermine vegetation etc. eco-environment characters, so geotectonic is a basic drive for eco-environmental change.