社交焦虑障碍患者的成人依恋类型与社交焦虑障碍人格特征关系

Relationship between adult attachment styles of social anxiety disorder and its personality characters

目的:分析社交焦虑障碍的成人依恋类型与其人格特质的关系,为进一步了解社交焦虑障碍的发病机制提供基础。方法:选择2004-06/2005-03到四川大学华西医院心理卫生中心就诊的社交焦虑障碍住院和门诊患者以及成都市大中学生社交焦虑障碍流行病学调查中18岁以上的阳性检出者82例(社交焦虑障碍组),同时,建立配对正常对照组82人,为成都市大、中学师生等以及成都市机投镇社区居民。采用成人依恋量表,中国人人格量表问卷调查。结果:164名研究对象均进入结果分析。社交焦虑障碍组在外向性、才干、人际关系3项得分上显著低于正常对照组。善良因子社交焦虑障碍组得分显著低于正常对照组。行事风格两组差异无统计学意义,但社交焦虑障碍组在严谨小因子上更明显表现为不切实际,缺乏合作。社交焦虑障碍组在情绪上更明显表现为急躁、冲动、容易发脾气和难以控制情绪,以及情绪表达上更压抑和掩饰。处事态度上两组差异有统计学意义,在自信方面社交焦虑障碍组显著低于正常对照组,在追求成功和成就的态度上两组差异无统计学意义。方差分析和多重比较结果提示成人依恋恐惧型的人格特征患社交焦虑障碍的风险最大。结论:①社交焦虑障碍患者的人格特征与正常人的人格特征存在明显的差异。②社交焦虑障碍在人格特征上大的倾向比较一致,但不同成人依恋类型的人在人格特征上有一定的区别。

AIM： To analyze the relationship between adult attachment styles of social anxiety disorder （SAD） and its personality characters, so as to provide basis for further understanding of pathogenesy of SAD. METHODS： A total Of 82 subjects including inpatients and outpatients with SAD in the Phychological Health Center of West China Hospital of Sichuan University, middle school students and college students who were positive in SAD investigation of Chengdu from June 2004 to March 2005 were taken as SAD group. Meanwhile, 82 normal people including students and teachers of middle school and college as well as residents of Chengdu were taken as normal control group. Adult attachment scale （AAS） and qingnian zhongguo personality scale （QZPS） were adopted for measurement. RESULTS： Totally 164 subjects entered the final analysis. Scores in exotrophy, talent and interpersonal relationship of SAD group were obviously lower than those in the normal control group. Score in kindness factor of SAD group was remarkbly lower than that in the normal control group. There were no statistical differences in behavioral style between two groups, while behaviors of SAD group in factor of rigorous were obviously unrealistic and lacked cooperation. Subjects in the SAD group were easier to be irritated, impulse, lose temper and hard to control mood. They were more depressive in emotional expression and apt to conceal. There were statistical significances in attitude. Score of self-confidence in SAD group was markedly lower than that in the normal control group, and there were no statistical significances in attitude towards success and pursuit of success. Results of analysis of variance （ANOVA） and Scheffe multiple comparison suggested that adult attachment of fearful style was the most dangerous factor for SAD. CONCLUSION： （1） There are distinct differences in personality characteristics between patients with SAD and normal people. （2）There is a consistent tendency of SAD in personality characteristics of patients, while there are some differences in personality characteristics among different adult attachment styles.