后现代短程心理治疗新模式:叙事疗法的特点及其应用

New mode of short-term post-modernism psychotherapy:the character of narrative therapy and its applications

目的:对叙事疗法这种浸润后现代精神的短程心理治疗新模式的特点进行总结与分析,为临床心理康复工作的进一步应用研究提供有益启发。资料来源:应用计算机检索PubMed与ScienceDirect及EBBSCO数据库1980-01/2005-12期间的国内外关于叙事疗法研究方面的文献,检索词为“NarrativeTherapy”,限定语言种类为English。另检索海峡两岸1980/2005期间的中文出版书目和发表的论文,限定文章语言种类为中文,检索词为“叙事治疗”。资料选择:对资料进行初审,选择文献查找全文。纳入标准:涉及叙事疗法特点的研究。排除英文原文无全文及中文文献不完整的文章。资料提炼:共收集到相关文献69篇,按上述标准纳入12篇,其余文献均被排除。资料综合:研究者分析了叙事疗法在产生背景上深受后现代主义的影响,基本理念中浸润了社会建构主义的基本内涵,在操作技术上重视语言作用,并整合了多种疗法的沟通技巧。作为一种后现代短程心理治疗技术,具有一系列新的特点,适合在中国广泛应用。结论:叙事疗法是一种新颖独到的短程心理治疗模式。它浸润了后现代主义精神,又符合中国人心理特点。

OBJECTIVE： To conclude and analyze the character of narrative therapy, which is the new mode of short-term psychotherapy soaked up post-modernism, so as to provide useful enlightenments to the further study in clinical psychology. DATA SOURCES： A computer-based online search of PubMeb, ScienceDirect and EBSCO databases was undertaken to identify the literatures of narrative psychotherapy at home and aboard published in English from January 1980 to December 2005 by using the keywords of ＂narrative therapy＂. Besides, relevant books and academic papers published in Chinese from 1980 to 2005 on both sides of the Taiwan Strait were searched with the same keywords in Chinese. STUDY SELECTION： The data were firstly checked, and the full-texts of the selected literatures were searched. Inclusive criteria： study related to the character of narrative psychotherapy. The English papers without fulltexts and incomplete Chinese paper were excluded. DATA EXTRACTION： A total of 69 papers were collected, and 12 accorded with the above inclusive criteria, and the rest of them were deleted. DATA SYNTHESIS： The narrative therapy is grown up with the atmosphere of post-modernism; its basic conceptions have traces of soeial-constructionism; its operative technique attaches importance on language and narrative psychotherapy absorbs several communicative skills of other therapies. As a post-modernism short-term psychotherapy, it has a set of new characters and might be applicable to China throughout. CONCLUSION： Narrative psychotherapy is a unique and creative shortterm psychotherapy mode. It soaks up the spirit of post-modernism and caters to the psychological character of Chinese, therefore, might be applicable to china throughout.