同龄林收获调整的最优控制问题探讨

Studies on the Problem of Optimal Control Theory in Evenaged Forest Harvesting Regulation

从最优控制理论的观点看,森林收获调整可认为是对森林资源系统实施最优控制(造林、采伐)的过程。作者用状态空间分析法导出了系统的状态方程,表明它是系统状态的一种反馈控制。作者提出了森林资原系统的期望稳定状态,将前人称为法正森林状态的理想森林以其特例的形式包含在其中。以期望稳定状态作为终端条件,结合控制约束,建立了线性离散收获调整最优控制模型。在讨论了极大值原理对模型的求解以后,将模型进行等价转换,化成了一个数学规划模型。用一个实例验证了模型的实用性。

From the point of view of optimal control theory,Forest Harvesting Regulation (FHR) can be qualified as the process of carrying outoptimal control——cutting and regeneration——of a forest resource system.This paper derives the State Equation in the system by means of State Space Analysis,which indicates a feedback control of the system state.Ideal forest,the so called Normal Forest State,is only a special form of the Expected Stationary State (ESS) which is developed in this article.A Linear Discrete Optimal Control Model for FHR is established by taking the ESS as a terminal condition and combining it with control constraints.The authors discuss a method for solving the model using the Maximal Principle.Finally,the optimal control model is converted into a mathematical programming model.An example is given.