朱熹“禀气”说与人的道德先在性

Zhu Xi Illustrating the Pre-existence of Human Morality by using "Bing Qi"

朱熹强调后天的努力对个体人道德修养提高的重要性,故而他提出“存天理,灭人欲”的主张,但是不可否认朱熹在探讨个体人的道德水平高低时,认为“其气质有清浊偏正之殊,物欲有浅深厚薄之异”,认为人的道德和出生时的“禀气”有关,具有先在性,具有先天的因素。他从“禀五行之气”与“五常”、“禀气与人的善恶的先在性、用“禀气”论证人道德根性上的差异的先在性三个方面,用“禀气”说明了人的道德先在性。

The Zhuxi emphasizes the effort of the day after tomorrow to the virtuous importance in individual that accomplishment increases, Past but he put forward ＂save the nature＇ s law, put out the passion＂ of assertion, But can＇ t deny the Zhuxi when the morals level that inquiry into the individual the person is high and low, Think ＂its qualities has the pure and muddy being partial to the positive Special, the thing wants shallow deep thin Difference. ＂ Think the person＇ s morals with the child bearing hour of ＂report the spirit＂ relevant, Have first in the sex, Have the congenital factor. He from ＂report five lines of of spirit with＂ five cardinal virtues＂, ＂report the spirit＂ is first with the person＇ s good and evil in the sex, Use ＂report the spirit＂ the virtuous the difference on the nature in argument is first in the aspects of sex threely, Use ＂report the spirit＂ explained the person＇s morals Preexistence.