高寒山旱地春小麦分蘖及分蘖成穗规律研究

Research on Tillerings and Law of Tillerings to For m Spikes of Rainfed Land Spring Wheat in the High and Cold Hountain Areas

经两年观测和多因素综合试验结果表明：高寒山旱地春小麦蘖群结构单一，分蘖及分蘖成穗率低。蘖群以Ｉ＿１、Ｉ＿２位蘖和鞘蘖为主要构成成分，分别占分蘖总的的５６％、３５．３％和３．９％；Ｉ＿２位以上蘖和二级蘖较为罕见，一般不足分蘖总量的５％。单株分蘖数平均为１．３，单株分蘖成穗率低于５％，分蘖及分蘖成穗率对水肥营养及群体密度存在显著相关性，但分蘖及分蘖成穗率的提高不能伴随群体产量的明显增加。旱地春小麦栽培的中心在于促控主茎成穗率及成穗质量。

Two years observations and multi-factor comprehensive comprehensiveexperimental results indicate that the tillering population structure of rainfed land springwheat in the high and cold mountain arcas is simple,and the percentage of tillering andtillering to form spikes is low. Tillering population consists of I_1 and I _2 positioningtillering and sheath tillering,which are the major components,accounting for 56%,35.3%and 3.9%of total tillerings.The tillerings above I2 position and the second-classtillerings are rarely seen,which consists of 5% less than total tillerings in general.Theaverage number of single plant tillering is 1.3.The single plant tillering to form spikes isless than 5%. Tillering and the percentage of tillering to form spikes are in significantcorrelation with water,fertillzer and nutrient requirements as well as population densi-ty,but the improvement of tillering and the percentage of tillering to form spikes can notconnect with the apparent yield increase of population.The focus of cultivation of rainfedland spring wheat lies in controlling the spike formation of main stems and spike forma-tion qualities.